Surah Al-Mulk, the 67th chapter of the Holy Quran, holds a position of great significance and virtue within Islamic tradition. Often referred to by its opening words as Surah Tabarak (“Blessed is He”), its recitation is encouraged, particularly during the night before sleeping. This practice is strongly linked in the Sunnah (Prophetic traditions) to profound benefits, most notably as a source of protection from the punishment of the grave (‘adhab al-qabr). This article explores the key virtues associated with reciting Surah Al-Mulk before sleep, drawing upon authentic Hadith.
What is Surah Al-Mulk About? (Brief Context)
Meaning “The Sovereignty” or “The Dominion,” Surah Al-Mulk powerfully declares and elaborates on the absolute power, mastery, and perfection of Allah SWT (God) over all creation. Its verses invite reflection on:
- The perfection and harmony in the creation of the heavens and the earth.
- The creation of life and death as a test for humankind.
- Warnings against disbelief and the consequences thereof in the Hereafter.
- Allah’s complete knowledge and control over all things.
- The sustenance He provides and His power over nature.
The Surah instills awe for the Creator and a deep awareness of His absolute dominion.
The Primary Benefit: Protection from the Punishment of the Grave
The most prominent virtue associated with Surah Al-Mulk, especially when recited regularly at night, is its function as a protector or intercessor against the torment of the grave. Several Hadith highlight this:
- Intercession until Forgiveness: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “There is a Surah in the Quran, of thirty verses, which intercedes for a man until he is forgiven. It is Surah Tabarakalladhi Biyadihil-Mulk [Surah Al-Mulk].” (Narrated by Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah – Graded Hasan by Tirmidhi and Al-Albani). This indicates the Surah acts as an advocate for its companion.
- The Protector (Al-Mani’ah): It was narrated from Abdullah ibn Mas’ud: “Whoever recites Tabarakalladhi Biyadihil-Mulk [Surah Al-Mulk] every night, Allah will protect him from the punishment of the grave. At the time of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), we used to call it Al-Mani’ah (the protector).” (Narrated by An-Nasa’i – Authenticity debated by some, but considered Hasan by others and supported by the overall theme of other narrations).
- Prophetic Practice: It is reported that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) would not go to sleep until he had recited Surah As-Sajdah (Chapter 32) and Surah Al-Mulk (Chapter 67). (Narrated by Tirmidhi and Ahmad – Graded Hasan or Sahih by various scholars).
These traditions strongly indicate that consistent engagement with Surah Al-Mulk serves as a spiritual shield in the grave, interceding for the reciter or preventing punishment by Allah’s will.
Other Potential Benefits (Derived from Recitation & Reflection)
While protection in the grave is the most cited benefit, reciting and reflecting on Surah Al-Mulk also yields other spiritual fruits:
- Deepens Awareness of Allah’s Majesty: Contemplating Allah’s perfect creation and absolute sovereignty increases awe and consciousness (Taqwa).
- Strengthens Faith (Iman): Reflecting on the themes of life, death, resurrection, and Allah’s power reinforces core Islamic beliefs.
- Encourages Gratitude: Recognizing Allah as the source of all dominion and provision fosters thankfulness.
- Brings Barakah (Blessings): Like all Quran recitation, engaging with Surah Al-Mulk invites Allah’s blessings into one’s life.
The Recommended Practice: Reciting Before Sleep
Following the practice of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the most emphasized time for reciting Surah Al-Mulk for its protective virtue is every night before going to sleep. Making this a regular habit is key to attaining the benefits mentioned in the Hadith.
How to Maximize the Benefits
To gain the most from this practice:
- Consistency: Strive to recite it every night without fail.
- Understanding: Read the translation and commentary (Tafsir) to grasp the profound meanings of the verses. Reflection enhances the spiritual connection.
- Sincerity: Recite purely for the sake of Allah, seeking His pleasure and protection.
- Correct Pronunciation (Tajweed): Endeavor to recite the Arabic text with proper rules of pronunciation.
- Live by the Quran: Remember that recitation should ideally be accompanied by striving to live according to the overall guidance of the Quran and Sunnah.
Conclusion
Surah Al-Mulk is a chapter of immense power and virtue within the Holy Quran. Islamic tradition, based on authentic Hadith, highlights its significant role as a protector and intercessor against the punishment of the grave for those who make its recitation a regular habit, particularly before sleep. This practice follows the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). While ultimate protection lies only with Allah, consistently engaging with Surah Al-Mulk – reciting its verses, pondering its meanings about Allah’s sovereignty, and seeking refuge in Him – is a highly recommended act for securing spiritual safety in the life after death and gaining blessings in this life.